Modeling electromagnetic propagation in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide.

The ionosphere plays a role in radio propagation that varies strongly with frequency. At extremely low frequency (ELF: 3-3000 Hz) and very low frequency (VLF: 3-30 kHz), the ground and the ionosphere are good electrical conductors and form a spherical Earth-ionosphere waveguide. Many giants of the e...

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Bibliografische gegevens
Gepubliceerd in:	IEEE Transactions on antennas and propagation 48, 9 (2000).
Hoofdauteur:	Cummer, S.A
Formaat:	Artikel
Taal:	English
Onderwerpen:	ELF-VLF propagation. Earth-ionosphere waveguide. FDTD. Approximate analytical formulations. Earthquake precursor detection. Electromagnetic propagation modeling. Evanescent modes. Extremely low frequency. Finite-difference time-domain. Global climate monitoring. Ionospheric remote sensing. Ionospheric upper boundary. Lightning radiation. Lightning remote sensing. Numerical analysis. Post-discharge ionospheric currents. Radio propagation. Spherical Earth-ionosphere waveguide. Very low frequency. Waveguide mode theory.