Merchant networks, microspaces, and the circulation of ideas liberalism in the wake of the royal company of the Philippines

It is well known that the founding of the Royal Company of the Philippines not only stemmed from the late-eighteenth-century Bourbon Reforms but also gave rise to opium trading networks in East Asia. It is less known, however, that the company and the networks created by its employees constituted co...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints Vol. 70, no. 3 (Sep. 2022), 365-401
Main Author:	Anduaga, Aitor
Resource Type:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	2022
Subjects:	Royal Company of the Philippines Philippines > History > Spanish regime, 1521-1898