00000cab a22000003a 4500 UP-99796217609332621 Buklod 20231007234439.0 m |o d | ta 100608s xx d | ||r ||||| || DENGII eng Brassil, J.T. Electronic marking and identification techniques to discourage document copying. pp. 1495-1504 Modern computer networks make it possible to distribute documents quickly and economically by electronic means rather than by conventional paper means. However, the widespread adoption of electronic distribution of copyrighted material is currently impeded by the ease of unauthorized copying and dissemination. In this paper we propose techniques that discourage unauthorized distribution by embedding each document with a unique codeword. Our encoding techniques are indiscernible by readers, yet enable us to identify the sanctioned recipient of a document by examination of a recovered document. We propose three coding methods, describe one in detail, and present experimental results showing that our identification techniques are highly reliable, even after documents have been photocopied Codeword. Coding methods. Computer networks. Copyrighted material. Document copying. Electronic distribution. Electronic identification techniques. Electronic marking techniques. Encoding techniques. Experimental results. Photocopied documents. Recovered document. Unauthorized copying. Unauthorized dissemination. IEEE Journal on selected areas in communications 13, 8 (1995). FO Article