00000caa a22000003i 4500 UP-1685594773862388029 Buklod 20210223115328.0 m | | ta 210604s2012 xx r |||| u|eng d 16551516 (iLib)UPBAG-00039347518 BAG rda eng ARTICLE-2298 Legarda, Benito Jr. author. The Spanish flag over an Anglo-Chinese commercial colony the Philippines in the 19th century Benito Legarda, Jr. [Quezon City] School of Economics, University of the Philippines 2012. pages 41-50 23 cm text rdacontent unmediated rdamedia volume rdacarrier Title was 'Philippine Review of Business and Economics' until 1979. Title changed to 'Philippine Review of Economics and Business' from 1980-2000, and again changed to 'Philippine Review of Economics' since 2001. Includes bibliographical references (pages 49-50) Nineteenth-century Philippines, unlike most colonies, was not economically dependent on its mother country, Spain, which ranked generally only fourth among its trading partners, behind the United Kingdom, the United States, and China. The index-measured concentration of Philippine trade was only moderately high owing to competition among its trading partners. Foreign trading was mainly conducted by the British and Americans. The Chinese were pervasive in domestic trade. Thus arose the jibe that the Philippines was an Anglo-Chinese colony with a Spanish flag. With the growth of foreign trade, wealth circulated into the rural areas, assisting in the rise of a native middle class. But there were costs, among them the destruction of the domestic textile industry. With the coming of the United States, the Philippines once again came under a unitary politico-economic metropole, leading to a high degree of economic complementarity lasting until long after World War II. Commerce Philippines 19th century. International trade 19th century. The Philippine Review of Economics Vol. 49, no. 2 (December 2012), p. 41-50. Request full-text access via UPB University Library through https://forms.gle/KZjBv7aRtY6jiL5E9 FI UPBAG UPBAG-MAIN ARTICLE-2298 Analytics