00000cmm a22000003a 4500 UP-1685594773861924049 Buklod 20130712154832.0 g||| | || || ta 130712s2009 xx d u (iLib)UPBAG-00010827005 KTRC- CPF#006 Climate change 2007 [computer file] fourth assessment report. Geneva 2, Switzerland Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2009. 1 computer optical disc col. ill. 4 3/4 in. Updated June 2009. Title from label on disc. Climate Change 2007 : Fourth Assessment Report -- A. Climate Change 2007 : Synthesis Report -- B. Synthesis Full Report. Working Group I Report : The Physical Science Basis -- A. Content -- 1. Historical overview of climate change science -- 2. Changes in atmospheric constituents and radiative forcing -- 3. Observations : Atmospheric surface and climate change -- 4. Observations : Changes in snow, ice and frozen ground -- 5. Observations : Ocean climate change and sea level -- 6. Palaeoclimate -- 7. Coupling between changes in the climate system and biogeochemistry -- 8. Climate models and their evaluation -- 9. Understanding and attributing climate change -- 10. Global climate projections -- 11. Regional climate projections -- B. Technical Summary -- TS.1 Introduction -- TS.2 Changes in human and natural drivers of climate -- Box TS.1 : Treatment of Uncertainties in the Working Group I Assessment -- TS.2.1 Greenhouse gases -- TS.2.2 Aerosols -- TS.2.3 Aviation contrails and cirrus, land use and other effects -- TS.2.4 Radiative forcing due to solar activity and volcanic eruptions -- TS.2.5 Net global radiative forcing, global warming potentials and patterns of forcing -- TS 2.6 Surface Forcing and the Hydrologic Cycle -- TS.3 Observations of Changes in Climate -- TS.3.1 Atmospheric changes : instrumental record -- Box TS.2 : Patterns (Modes) of Climate Variability -- TS.3.2 Changes in the cryosphere : instrumental record -- Box TS.3 : Ice Sheet Dynamics and Stability -- TS.3.3 Changes in the ocean : instrumental record -- Box TS.4 : Sea Level -- TS.3.4 Consistency among observations -- Box TS.5 : Extreme Weather Events -- TS.3.5 A palaeoclimatic perspective -- Box TS.6 : Orbital Forcing -- TS.4 Understanding and attributing climate change -- TS.4.1 Advances in attribution of changes in global-scale temperature in the instrumental period : atmosphere, ocean and ice -- Box TS.7 : Evaluation of Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models -- TS.4.2 Attribution of spatial and temporal changes in temperature -- TS.4.3 Attribution of changes in circulation, precipitation and other climate variables -- TS.4.4 Palaeoclimate studies of attribution -- TS.4.5 Climate response to radiative forcing -- TS.5 Projections of future changes in climate -- Box TS.8 : Hierarchy of Global Climate Models -- TS.5.1 Understanding near-term climate change -- Box TS.9 : Committed Climate Change -- TS.5.2 Large-scale projections for the 21st century -- TS.5.3 Regional-scale projections -- Box TS.10 : Regional Downscaling -- TS.5.4 Coupling between climate change and changes in biogeochemical cycles -- TS.5.5 Implications of climate processes and their time scales for long-term projections -- TS.6 Robust findings and key uncertainties -- TS.6.1 Changes in human and natural drivers of climate -- TS.6.2 Observations of changes in climate -- TS.6.3 Understanding and attributing climate change -- TS.6.4 Projections of future changes in climate. Working Group II Report : Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability -- A. Content -- 1. Assessment of observed changes and responses in natural and managed systems -- 2. New assessment methods and the characterization of future conditions -- 3. Freshwater resources and their management -- 4. Ecosystems, their properties, goods and services -- 5. Food, fiber and forest products -- 6. Coastal systems and low-lying areas -- 7. Industry, settlement and society -- 8. Human health -- 9. Africa -- 10. Asia -- 11. Australia and New Zealand -- 12. Europe -- 13. Latin America -- 14. North America -- 15. Polar regions (Arctic and Antarctic) -- 16. Small islands -- 17. Assessment of adaptation practices, options, constraints and capacity -- 18. Inter-relationships between adaptation and mitigation -- 19. Assessing key vulnerabilities and the risk from climate change -- 20. Perspectives on climate change and sustainability Cross-chapter case studies -- B. Technical Summary -- Summary of Main Findings -- TS.1 Scope, approach and method of the Working Group II assessment -- TS.2 Current knowledge about observed impacts on natural and managed systems -- Box TS.1 Sourcing in the Technical Summary -- Box TS.2 Communication of Uncertainty in the Working Group II Fourth Assessment -- Box TS.3 Definition of Key Terms -- Box TS.4 Linking the Causes of Climate Change to Observed Effects on Physical and Biological Systems -- TS.3 Methods and scenarios -- TS.3.1 Developments in methods available to researchers on climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability -- TS.3.2 Characterizing the future in the Working Group II IPCC Fourth Assessment -- TS.4 Current knowledge about future impacts -- TS.4.1 Sectoral impacts, adaptation and vulnerability -- Box TS.5 The Main Projected Impacts for Systems and Sectors -- TS.4.2 Regional impacts, adaptation and vulnerability -- Box TS.6 The Main Projected Impacts for Regions -- TS.4.3 Magnitudes of impact for varying amounts of climate change -- TS.4.4 The impact of altered extremes -- TS.4.5 Especially affected systems, sectors and regions -- TS.4.6 Events with large impacts -- TS.4.7 Costing the impacts of climate change -- TS.5 Current knowledge about responding to climate change -- TS.5.1 Adaptation -- TS.5.2 Interrelationships between adaptation and mitigation -- Box TS.7 Adaptive capacity to multiple stressors in India -- TS.5.3 Key vulnerabilities -- TS.5.4 Perspectives on climate change and sustainability -- TS.6 Advances in knowledge and future research needs -- TS.6.1 Advances in knowledge -- TS.6.2 Future research need. Working Group III Report : Mitigation of Climate Change -- A. Content -- Technical Summary -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Framing issues -- 3. Issues related to mitigation in the long term context -- 4. Energy supply -- 5. Transport and its infrastructure -- 6. Residential and commercial buildings -- 7. Industry -- 8. Agriculture -- 9. Forestry -- 10. Waste management -- 11. Mitigation from a cross sectoral perspective -- 12. Sustainable Development and mitigation -- 13. Policies, instruments and co-operative agreements -- B. Technical Summary -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Framing issues -- 3. Issues related to mitigation in the long-term context -- 4. Energy supply -- 5. Transport and its infrastructure -- 6. Residential and commercial buildings -- 7. Industry -- 8. Agriculture -- 9. Forestry -- 10. Waste management -- 11. Sustainable development and mitigation -- 12. Policies, instruments and cooperative agreements -- 13. Gaps in Knowledge. Climatic changes. Climatic changes Environmental aspects. Global environmental change. Greenhouse gas mitigation. Human ecology. UPBAG KTRC KTRC-CPF#006 Electronic Resource