00000ctm a22000003a 4500 UP-1685523046126318013 Buklod 20170307155801.0 m |o d | cr ||||||||||| 170307s xx d r |||| u| (iLib)UPMNL-00015382959 UPDent eng LG 993.5 2015 D4 P46 Pegenia, Joseph Glenn Z. Comparative study on bacterial cross-contamination between toothbrushes using pump-type and tube-type toothpaste dispenser Joseph Glenn Z. Pegenia, Anthony V. Quitay; Michael Antonio F. Mendoza, Faculty Co-author. 58 leaves. Seminar Paper--Doctor of Dental Medicine--University of the Philippines Manila INTRODUCTION: Toothbrushes are expected to be manufactured free of microorganisms, but after a single use, varying from 30 seconds to 4 minutes, toothbrushes may become contaminated by a wide array of bacteria, viruses, yeast and fungi which are present in the oral cavity and in the environment. Studies show that microorganisms can remain viable on toothbrushes for long periods of time from 24 hours to 7 days depending on the organism that is present. In line with this, the use of contaminated toothbrush can be a way of transferring microorganisms intra-orally and from one person to another. A common practice among household today is the sharing of the same toothpaste dispenser among family members. Due to this, transmission of micro-organisms is possible because: 1) the regular use of toothbrushes will heavily contaminate them with microorganism; and 2) the orifice toothpaste dispensers is a source of cross-contamination especially when bristles come in contact with the orifice during toothpaste dispensing. Because of this, the researchers attempted to confirm if there is cross-contamination between toothbrushes using tube-type toothpaste dispenser and comparing it with another commercially available toothpaste dispenser which is the pump-type toothpaste dispenser. METHODS: Forty (40) brushes, 20 for each type of toothpaste dispenser. Ten (10) tube-type and 10 pump-type toothpaste dispensers were used in the experiment. Toothpaste was dispensed on contaminated toothbrushes and clean toothbrushes consecutively. Clean toothbrushes dispensed with toothpaste were inoculated for 24 hours and were plated on agar plates using spread plate technique. Agar plates were incubated for 24 hours. Colony-forming units (CFU) were counted and recorded. RESULTS: Out of the 20 samples in tube-type dispenser group, 13 were positive for the presence of S. pyogenes. Among the 13 positive samples, 4 colonies are too many too count. As for the pump-type group, bacteria were present on 13 out of the 20 samples, 4 of which are too many to count. T-tes was used to analyze the data and was deemed not significant. CONCLUSION: There is no significant difference between the mean bacterial count from cross-contamination of toothbrush to tube-type dispenser as compared with pump-type dispenser, although due to possible lapses, the researchers consider the results to be inclonclusive. Toothpastes. Oral hygiene products. Cross-contamination. Quitay, Anthony V. Mendoza, Michael Antonio F. UPMNL DENT LG 993.5 2015 D4 P46 Thesis